- AC (Alternating Current): Electric current that reverses direction periodically.
- DC (Direct Current): Electric current that flows in only one direction.
- Voltage: Electrical potential difference or electromotive force.
- Current: Flow of electric charge carriers (electrons or ions) per unit time.
- Resistance: Property that opposes the flow of electrical current.
- Ohm’s Law: Relationship between voltage, current, and resistance (V = IR).
- Circuit: Complete path through which electric current can flow.
- Conductor: Material that allows electrical current to pass through easily.
- Insulator: Material that resists the flow of electric current.
- Ground: Reference point in an electrical circuit.
- Fuse: Safety device consisting of a strip of wire that melts and breaks an electric circuit if the current exceeds a safe level.
- Circuit Breaker: Device designed to interrupt electrical current flow in case of overload or short circuit.
- Transformer: Device that changes the voltage of an alternating current.
- Resistor: Component that introduces resistance into an electrical circuit.
- Capacitor: Component used to store electrical energy temporarily.
- Diode: Electronic component that allows current to flow in one direction only.
- Transistor: Semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals.
- Inductor: Coil of wire that resists changes in current flow.
- Junction Box: Enclosure housing electrical connections.
- Ground Fault: Occurs when an unintended electrical path exists between a power source and a grounded surface.
- Arc Fault: Electrical discharge between conductors.
- Amperage: Measure of electrical current flow.
- Wattage: Measure of electrical power.
- Voltmeter: Instrument used to measure voltage.
- Ammeter: Instrument used to measure current flow.
- Ohmmeter: Instrument used to measure resistance.
- Multimeter: Combined instrument used to measure voltage, current, and resistance.
- Short Circuit: Connection that allows current to flow through an unintended path.
- Neutral: Return path for current in an AC circuit.
- Phase: Conductor used to carry alternating current in a multi-phase system.
- Single Phase: Electrical system with one voltage phase.
- Three Phase: Electrical system with three voltage phases.
- Grounding Rod: Metal rod buried in the ground to provide a safe path for electrical discharge.
- Conduit: Tubing or pipe used to protect and route electrical wiring.
- Knob and Tube Wiring: Older electrical wiring system using porcelain knobs and tubes.
- Electrical Panel: Distribution board for electrical circuits.
- GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter): Device that quickly breaks an electrical circuit to prevent serious harm from an ongoing electric shock.
- Circuit Load: Total power consumed by all devices connected to a circuit.
- Overload: Condition where too much current flows through a circuit.
- Short Circuit: Low-resistance connection between two conductors.
- Busbar: Metal strip or bar used to conduct electricity within a switchboard, distribution board, substation, or other electrical apparatus.
- Busway: Prefabricated electrical distribution system consisting of bus bars in a protective enclosure.
- Electrical Junction: Point in an electrical system where two or more conductors meet.
- Fuse Box: Old term for an electrical panel or fuseboard.
- Electrical Grid: Interconnected network for delivering electricity from suppliers to consumers.
- Earthing: Connecting metal parts of an electrical installation to the earth.
- Electrical Isolation: Process of ensuring no electricity can flow to a piece of equipment or machinery.
- Electrical Shock: Physical effects caused by electric current passing through the body.
- Electromagnetic Interference (EMI): Disturbance generated by an external source that affects an electrical circuit.
- Electrical Noise: Interference that degrades the quality of signals and data in electrical circuits.
- Electrical Safety: Practices and precautions taken to avoid electrical hazards.
- Electrician’s Pliers: Hand tool used by electricians for gripping, cutting, and stripping electrical wires.
- Crimping Tool: Tool used to conjoin two pieces of metal by deforming one or both of them.
- Wire Stripper: Hand tool used to strip insulation from electrical wires.
- Cable Tie: Fastener used to hold electrical cables or wires together.
- Heat Shrink Tubing: Tubing that shrinks in diameter when heated, used for insulation, abrasion resistance, and environmental protection for stranded and solid wire conductors, connections, joints, and terminals.
- Conductor Size: Diameter of the metal part of the wire, cable, or other conductor, measured in circular mils (CM) or square millimeters (mm2), also called wire gauge.
- Load Center: Electrical service panel (or breaker box) that distributes electrical circuits within a building or other structure.
- Service Entrance: Point where electrical power from a utility company is delivered to the consumer’s electrical wiring system.
- Service Drop: Overhead electrical line running from a utility pole to a building.
- Service Lateral: Underground electrical line running from a utility transformer to a building.
- Electrical Code: Set of regulations governing electrical installations to ensure safety.
- Ohm: Unit of electrical resistance.
- Farad: Unit of electrical capacitance.
- Hertz: Unit of frequency in cycles per second.
- Watt: Unit of electrical power.
- Joule: Unit of energy.
- Kirchhoff’s Laws: Principles governing the behavior of electric circuits.
- NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association): Organization that sets standards for electrical products.
- IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers): Professional association for electronic engineering and electrical engineering.
- PPE (Personal Protective Equipment): Safety gear worn to minimize exposure to hazards.
- Electric Shock Hazard: Risk of injury or death due to electric shock.
- Electrical Grounding: Connecting electrical systems to the Earth to prevent electric shock and protect equipment.
- Hot Wire: Conductor carrying electrical current.
- Cold Wire: Inactive or neutral conductor.
- Wire Nut: Twist-on connector used to join electrical wires.
- Conduit Bender: Tool used to bend electrical conduit pipes.
- Electrical Tape: Insulating tape used to wrap electrical wires.
- Arc Flash: Dangerous release of energy caused by an electric arc.
- Infrared Thermography: Technique for detecting heat patterns in electrical systems.
- Electrical Load Calculation: Determining the total power required for a circuit or system.
- Electrical Distribution: Process of distributing electrical power to different circuits.
- Surge Protector: Device protecting electrical appliances from voltage spikes.
- Electrical Interlock: Mechanism preventing unsafe equipment operation.
- Power Factor: Measure of electrical efficiency in AC circuits.
- Ground Fault Protection: System preventing ground faults.
- Electric Motor: Device converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.
- Conduit Fittings: Connectors used to secure and protect conduit.
- Cable Tray: Structural system used to support cables.
- Switchgear: Electrical equipment for switching, controlling, and protecting electrical circuits.
- Electrical Contracting: Business providing electrical services.
- Electrical Maintenance: Scheduled service to ensure electrical systems function properly.
- Electrical Permit: Authorization for electrical work from local authorities.
- Electrical Diagram: Visual representation of electrical circuits.
- Electrical Fire: Fire caused by electrical faults.
- Electrical Insulation: Material preventing the flow of electric current.
- Electrical Conductor: Material conducting electric current.
- Electrical Engineer: Professional designing electrical systems.
- Electrical Technician: Skilled worker performing electrical installations and repairs.
- Electrical Troubleshooting: Process of identifying and resolving electrical problems.
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